美洲土著语言
编辑
土著语列表
编辑
语言名
当地语言[23]
语族
使用人数
(占总数百分比)
能用英语交流的人数比[24]
Total
—
—
373 949
19.22%
Total (excl. Navajo)
—
—
203 127 (54.32)
15.82%
Navajo
Diné bizaad
Na-Dené
170 822 (45.68)
23.25%
Dakota
Dakȟótiyapi
Siouan
18 804 (5.03)
9.86%
Yupik
—
Eskimo-Aleut
18 626 (4.98)
37.02%
Apache
Ndee biyati'
Na-Dené
14 012 (3.75)
3.53%
Keres
—
Isolate
13 073 (3.50)
6.20%
Cherokee
Tsalagi (ᏣᎳᎩ)
Iroquoian
12 320 (3.29)
16.33%
Choctaw
Chahta'
Muskogean
10 368 (2.77)
23.44%
Zuni
Shiwi'ma
Isolate
9 432 (2.52)
14.22%
American Indian (Other)
—
—
8 888 (2.38)
16.73%
O'odham (Pima)
Oʼodham ñiʼokĭ
Uto-Aztecan
8 190 (2.19)
14.70%
Ojibwe (Chippewa)
Anishinaabemowin
Algic
6 986 (1.87)
11.28%
Hopi
Hopilàvayi
Uto-Aztecan
6 776 (1.81)
18.80%
Inupiat (Inupik)
Iñupiatun
Eskimo-Aleut
5 580 (1.49)
26.04%
Tewa
—
Tanoan
5 123 (1.37)
13.80%
Muskogee (Creek)
Mvskoke
Muskogean
5 072 (1.36)
19.62%
Crow
Apsáalooke
Siouan
3 962 (1.06)
6.59%
Shoshoni
Sosoni' da̲i̲gwape
Uto-Aztecan
2 512 (0.67)
7.25%
Cheyenne
Tsėhésenėstsestȯtse
Algic
2 399 (0.64)
3.21%
Tiwa
—
Tanoan
2 269 (0.61)
3.22%
Towa (Jemez)
—
Tanoan
2 192 (0.59)
27.65%
Inuit (Eskimo)
—
Eskimo-Aleut
2 168 (0.58)
25.46%
Blackfoot
Siksiká (ᓱᖽᐧᖿ)
Algic
1 970 (0.53)
11.02%
Sahaptin
Ichishkíin sɨ́nwit
Plateau Penutian
1 654 (0.44)
6.17%
Paiute
—
Uto-Aztecan
1 638 (0.44)
11.78%
Athapascan
—
Na-Dené
1 627 (0.44)
19.55%
Ute
Núu-'apaghapi
Uto-Aztecan
1 625 (0.43)
5.23%
Mohawk
Kanien’kéha'
Iroquoian
1 423 (0.38)
11.67%
Seneca
Onödowága
Iroquoian
1 353 (0.36)
11.23%
Winnebago
Hocąk
Siouan
1 340 (0.36)
6.27%
Kiowa
Cáuijògà
Tanoan
1 274 (0.34)
9.58%
Aleut
Unangam tunuu
Eskimo-Aleut
1 236 (0.33)
19.01%
Salish
—
Salishan
1 233 (0.33)
22.87%
Gwich’in (Kuchin)
Gwich’in
Na-Dené
1 217 (0.33)
25.82%
Kickapoo
Kiwikapawa
Algic
1 141 (0.31)
41.72%
Arapaho
Hinónoʼeitíít
Algic
1 087 (0.29)
1.20%
Tlingit
Lingít
Na-Dené
1 026 (0.27)
8.19%
Siberian Yupik (SLI Yupik)
Sivuqaghmiistun
Eskimo-Aleut
993 (0.27)
39.48%
Passamaquoddy
Peskotomuhkat
Algic
982 (0.26)
6.11%
Comanche
Nʉmʉ tekwapʉ
Uto-Aztecan
963 (0.26)
10.59%
Cree
Nēhiyawēwin
Algic
951 (0.25)
8.73%
Menominee
Omāēqnomenew
Algic
946 (0.25)
39.64%
Nez Perce
Niimiipuutímt
Plateau Penutian
942 (0.25)
12.10%
Potawatomi
Bodéwadmi
Algic
824 (0.22)
9.95%
Hidatsa
Hidatsa
Siouan
806 (0.22)
4.47%
Mesquakie (Fox)
Meshkwahkihaki
Algic
727 (0.19)
22.15%
Karok
Káruk
Isolate
700 (0.19)
5.43%
Pomo
—
Pomoan
648 (0.17)
14.81%
Chinook Jargon
Chinuk wawa
Creole
644 (0.17)
17.70%
Oneida
Oneyota'aaka
Iroquoian
527 (0.14)
58.63%
Yurok
Puliklah
Algic
491 (0.13)
1.63%
Cocopah
Kwikapa
Yuman
483 (0.13)
22.77%
Hualapai
Hwalbáy
Yuman
458 (0.12)
4.80%
Omaha
Umoⁿhoⁿ
Siouan
457 (0.12)
1.97%
Chiricahua
Ndee bizaa
Na-Dené
457 (0.12)
—
Jicarilla
Abáachi mizaa
Na-Dené
455 (0.12)
14.51%
Yaqui
Yoem noki
Uto-Aztecan
425 (0.11)
10.12%
Yokuts
—
Yokutsan
407 (0.11)
27.27%
Mono
Mono
Uto-Aztecan
349 (0.09)
—
Mohave
Hamakhav
Yuman
330 (0.09)
6.36%
Luiseño
Cham'teela
Uto-Aztecan
327 (0.09)
4.28%
Shawnee
Sawanwa
Algic
321 (0.09)
6.23%
Maidu (NE Maidu)
Májdy
Maiduan
319 (0.09)
6.90%
Ottawa
Nishnaabemwin
Algic
312 (0.08)
10.90%
Algonquin
Anicinâbemowin
Algic
288 (0.08)
19.79%
Okanogan
Nsəlxcin
Salishan
284 (0.08)
10.92%
Osage
Wazhazhe ie
Siouan
260 (0.07)
20.38%
Wichita
Kirikirʔi:s
Caddoan
242 (0.06)
16.12%
Onondaga
Onǫda’gegá
Iroquoian
239 (0.06)
2.93%
Mi'kmaq (Micmac)
Míkmawísimk
Algic
230 (0.06)
10.87%
Digueño (Ipai-Kumiai-Tipai)
—
Yuman
228 (0.06)
60.96%
Washo
Wá:šiw ʔítlu
Isolate
227 (0.06)
9.69%
Miwok
Miwok
Utian
216 (0.06)
—
Lushootseed (Puget Salish)
Xʷəlšucid
Salishan
207 (0.06)
47.83%
Kutenai
Ktunaxa
Isolate
200 (0.05)
32.50%
Miccosukee
Mikisúkî
Muskogean
188 (0.05)
22.87%
Tuscarora
Ska:rù:rę'
Iroquoian
179 (0.05)
10.06%
Makah
Qʷi·qʷi·diččaq
Wakashan
176 (0.05)
30.11%
Coeur d'Alene
Snchitsuʼumshtsn
Salishan
174 (0.05)
—
Hupa
Na:tinixwe
Na-Dené
174 (0.05)
—
Quechan (Yuma)
Kwtsaan
Yuman
172 (0.05)
31.98%
Miami
Myaamia
Algic
168 (0.04)
50.60%
Alabama
Albaamo innaaɬiilka
Muskogean
165 (0.04)
20.00%
Delaware
Lënape / Lunaapeew
Algic
146 (0.04)
25.34%
Clallam
Nəxʷsƛ̕ay̕əmúcən
Salishan
146 (0.04)
1.37%
Penobscot (E Abenaki)
Panawahpskek
Algic
144 (0.04)
5.56%
Yavapai
—
Yuman
139 (0.04)
—
Cahuilla
Ivia
Uto-Aztecan
139 (0.04)
—
Ponca
Paⁿka
Siouan
131 (0.04)
6.87%
Quinault
Kʷínaył
Salishan
128 (0.03)
—
Deg Xinag (Ingalit)
Degexit’an
Na-Dené
127 (0.03)
—
Pawnee
Paári
Caddoan
122 (0.03)
16.39%
Haida
X̱aat Kíl
Isolate
118 (0.03)
19.49%
Cowlitz
Stl'pulimuhkl
Salishan
110 (0.03)
82.73%
Mandan
Nų́ʔetaːre
Siouan
104 (0.03)
38.46%
Arikara
Sáhniš
Caddoan
103 (0.03)
—
Klamath
Maqlaqs
Plateau Penutian
95 (0.03)
27.37%
Havasupai
Havasu’baaja
Yuman
90 (0.02)
52.22%
Chitimacha
Sitimaxa
Isolate
89 (0.02)
21.35%
Abenaki (W Abenaki)
Wôbanakiôdwawôgan
Algic
86 (0.02)
—
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)
Kwak'wala
Wakashan
85 (0.02)
24.71%
Tututni (Rogue River)
Dotodəni
Na-Dené
84 (0.02)
—
Iroquois
—
Iroquoian
76 (0.02)
—
Michif (French Cree)
Michif
Creole
75 (0.02)
70.67%
Tsimshian
Sm'algyax
Tsimshianic
68 (0.02)
—
Achumawi
—
Palaihnihan
68 (0.02)
—
Chiwere
Jíwere
Siouan
60 (0.02)
—
Koasati
Kowassá:ti
Muskogean
59 (0.02)
6.78%
Koyukon
Denaakkʼe
Na-Dené
58 (0.02)
12.07%
Upper Chinook
Kiksht
Chinookan
58 (0.02)
10.34%
Caddo
Hasí:nay
Caddoan
51 (0.01)
23.53%
Kalapuya (Santiam)
—
Kalapuyan
50 (0.01)
—
Gros Ventre (Atsina)
Ahahnelin
Algic
45 (0.01)
—
Tachi
—
Yokutsan
45 (0.01)
57.78%
Maricopa
Piipaash chuukwer
Yuman
44 (0.01)
22.73%
Chumash
S.hamala
Chumashan
39 (0.01)
100.00%
Nomlaki
Nomlāqa
Wintuan
38 (0.01)
—
Konkow (NW Maidu)
Koyoom k'awi
Maiduan
32
100.00%
Tonkawa
Tickanwa•tic
Isolate
29
—
Wintu
Wintʰu:h
Wintuan
24
—
Spokane
Npoqínišcn
Salishan
20
40.00%
Ahtna
Atnakenaege’
Na-Dené
18
—
Columbia (Sinkiuse)
Nxaảmxcín
Salishan
17
—
Atsugewi
Atsugé
Palaihnihan
15
—
Chemehuevi
Nüwüvi
Uto-Aztecan
15
—
Northern Paiute
Numu
Uto-Aztecan
12
—
Dena'ina (Tanaina)
Dena’ina qenaga
Na-Dené
11
—
Cupeño
Kupangaxwicham
Uto-Aztecan
11
—
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)
Nuučaan̓uł
Wakashan
10
—
Alutiiq (Gulf Yupik)
Sugpiaq
Eskimo-Aleut
8
—
Kansa
Káⁿza
Siouan
7
—
Siuslaw
Šáayušła
Isolate
6
—
Cayuga
Gayogo̱hó:nǫ’
Iroquoian
6
—
Serrano
Taaqtam
Uto-Aztecan
5
—
Yuchi
Tsoyaha
Isolate
4
—
南岛语言
编辑
夏威夷语
编辑
夏威夷语是夏威夷宪法中规定的夏威夷官方语言。夏威夷语有1,000名母语使用者。夏威夷语以前被认为是极度濒危的语言，现在正显示出语言复兴的迹象。最近的趋势是基于夏威夷州教育部和夏威夷大学的新的夏威夷语沉浸计划，以及夏威夷州议会和县政府为保护夏威夷地名所做的努力。1993年，约有8,000人能够说并理解夏威夷语；如今估计有27,000人。夏威夷语与大约15万新西兰人和库克岛人使用的毛利语以及大溪地12万人使用的大溪地语有关。
萨摩亚语
编辑
萨摩亚语是美属萨摩亚的一种官方领土语言。占人口的90%，大多数人都会英萨双语。
查莫罗语
编辑
查莫罗语是关岛和北马里亚纳群岛的共同官方语言。在关岛，土著查莫罗人约占人口的60%。
加罗林语
编辑
加罗林语也是北马里亚纳群岛的官方语言之一，那里只有14%的人在家里讲英语。